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d.     Alternative Teleconferencing Provisions Specific to Los Angeles
               Neighborhood Councils and Community College Student Bodies and Organizations.  Through
               January 1, 2026, certain eligible bodies, currently defined to include neighborhood councils of
               charter cities with a population in excess of 3,000,000 (i.e., the City of Los Angeles), and
               community college student body associations and student-run organizations, may use alternate
               teleconferencing procedures as specified by statute.  The umbrella legislative body (City Council
               or Board of Trustees) must adopt an enabling resolution.  The alternative procedures dispense
               with the notice, agenda, and access requirements for traditional teleconferencing, but have
               specific requirements to ensure public participation similar to remote meeting requirements.  The
               alternative procedures allow remote participants to count towards the in-person quorum if they
               meet specific criteria.

               (Government Code §§ 54953.8, 54953.9.)

                       5.     Simultaneous or Serial Order Meetings.

                              When a legislative body also sits as the legislative body of another agency, for
               example members of a city council also serving as members of a local public financing authority,
               prior to holding a simultaneous or serial meeting of the subsequent legislative body, the clerk or
               a member of the legislative body must orally announce before the meeting commences the
               amount of extra compensation or stipend that any member receives from convening the
               simultaneous or serial meeting, unless the amount of compensation is prescribed by statute.

               (Government Code § 54952.3.)

                       6.     Social Media.

                              In 2020, the Legislature amended the Brown Act to specifically address the use of
               social media.  Similar to the prohibition against using intermediaries to hold a meeting, a
               majority of the members of a legislative body are prohibited from using a social media platform
               to discuss agency business of a specific nature among themselves.  Additionally, members of a
               legislative body may not respond directly to any communication from another member on an
               internet-based social media platform regarding a matter within their subject-matter jurisdiction.

                              On the other hand, social media may be used for answering questions or providing
               information to the public as well as to solicit information from the public regarding a matter that
               is within the subject matter jurisdiction of the legislative body.

                              Language that would have allowed additional social media interactions between
               members of a legislative body, such as commenting on another member’s post, re-tweeting or
               forwarding, posting an “emoji,” or even clicking the “like” button did not make it into the new
               legislation.  Commenting in this manner could constitute discussion among members of the
               legislative body.

                              The law does not appear to prohibit a member of a legislative body from
               commenting on, forwarding or “liking” a post made by a member of the public, as long as those
               comments do not become a discussion of agency business “of a specific nature” among a



      8   2025 Brown Act Handbook                                                                      LozanoSmith.com
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